Gartner, a global technology research and advisory firm, has released its top 10 technologies and trends that will be strategic for many organizations in 2014。Gartner defines strategic technologies as those that will have a significant impact on the enterprise over the next three years。

   Strategic technologies may be existing technologies that are already mature and/or suitable for adoption of a wider range of technologies。It could also be emerging technologies that offer strategic business advantages to early adopters, or that have the potential to significantly transform the market over the next five years。These technologies will have a significant impact on long-term business planning, projects and the development of new initiatives。

GartnerDavid Cearley said: "We identified the top 10 technologies that companies should incorporate into their strategic planning。This does not mean that enterprises should deploy and invest in all of these ten technologies, however, enterprises need to think about making informed decisions about these technologies over the next two years。Cearley said the convergence of the four forces of social, mobile, cloud and information will continue to drive change, create new opportunities and create a strong demand for programmable infrastructure that can run on the Internet。

2014The top 10 strategic technologies of the year include:

Diversity and management of mobile devices

By 2018, a wide variety of mobile devices will emerge, and different forms of computing, different user environments, and different interaction patterns will make the enterprise's "anywhere, anywhere" strategy impossible to achieve。BYOD programs could lead to unintended consequences where the number of mobile employees could double or even triple。As a result, companies must completely re-evaluate their BYOD policies and update and expand them。Most companies only make provision for employees to access the corporate network using company-owned and managed devices, but there must also be a policy in place that specifies what employees can and cannot do。A good balance between flexibility and the need for confidentiality and privacy。

Mobile apps and applications

Gartner It is predicted that by 2014, improved JavaScript performance will drive the adoption of HTML5 and the browser will become the mainstream enterprise application development environment。So developers should focus on user interface extensions, including richer voice and video that allow people to connect with each other in new and different ways。Creating tools for consumer and enterprise applications is extremely complex and requires more than 100 potential tool vendors。In the coming years, no single tool will be the best choice for all mobile applications, at least several。

A network that connects everything

The Internet is expanding beyond personal computers and mobile devices into corporate assets such as field equipment and consumer goods such as cars and televisions。The problem is that most enterprises and technology providers are still exploring the possibilities of an extended Internet and are not yet ready at the operational and organizational level。Imagine digitizing the most important products, services, and assets, combining the flow of data with the services created by digitizing everything, resulting in four basic usage models - management, monetization, operations, and scaling。These four basic models can be applied to any of the four "Internet" (people, things, information, and places)。Enterprises should not limit themselves to thinking that only the Internet of Things (such as assets and machines) can take advantage of these four models。Enterprises in all industries (heavy industry, cross-industry, light industry) can use these four models。

Hybrid cloud and IT as a Service broker

The integration of personal cloud and external private cloud services is imperative。Enterprises should design private cloud services with a hybrid future and ensure future integration/interoperability。Hybrid cloud services can consist of many aspects, from relatively static to relatively dynamic。The responsibility for managing this portfolio is typically taken up by in-house cloud service brokers, who are also responsible for aggregation, integration, and service customization。Enterprises that expand from private cloud services to hybrid cloud computing are beginning to take on the role of an in-house cloud service broker。Early hybrid cloud services moved towards a more static, engineered portfolio (such as integration between on-premises private clouds and public cloud services with specific functions or data).。As in-house cloud service agents evolve, more cloud deployment models will emerge, such as private infrastructure as a service where external service providers can be selected based on policies and usage。

Cloud/client architecture

The cloud/client computing model is changing。In the cloud/client architecture, the client is a rich application running on an Internet-enabled device, and the server is a collection of application services hosted on a continuously resilient and scalable cloud computing platform。The cloud is a point of control, while the recording and application systems can be distributed across multiple clients。The client environment can be a native application or browser-based。Of course, the increasingly complex needs of mobile users will also drive the continuous improvement of server-side computing and storage capabilities。

Personal cloud age

The personal cloud era marks a shift from devices to services。In this new era, although devices will remain necessary, device features will become less and less important, the personal computer will remain one of many options, but no one device will be the main hub, personal cloud computing will play this role。Access to the cloud and content stored or shared in the cloud is manageable and secure, rather than just focusing on the device itself。

Software defines everything

Software-defined Everything encompasses the growing market momentum driven by rising standards of infrastructure programmability, data center interoperability driven by automation inherent in cloud computing, DevOps, and rapid infrastructure provision。Software-defined Everything also includes initiatives such as OpenStck, OpenFlow, the Open Compute Project, and Open Rack that share the same vision。Openness will be the goal of vendors, with vendors of SDN(networking), SDDC(data center), SDS(storage) and SDI(infrastructure) technologies all striving to be leaders in their fields, but may have different intentions when it comes to adhering to openness and standards。

Web-scale IT

Web-scale ITBecome a global computing model that delivers the capabilities of large cloud service providers in a single enterprise IT。Large cloud service providers such as Amazon, Google, Facebook, and others are reinventing new ways to deliver IT services。Their capabilities are no longer defined by size, but also by speed and flexibility。If you want to keep up with them, you need to emulate the architecture, processes, and practices of these typical cloud providers。The combination of all these elements is what Gartner calls Web-scale IT。Web-scale IT seems to be trying to change the IT value chain in a systematic way。Using an industrial engineering design perspective to design a data center, you can look for every opportunity to reduce costs and waste。This is not just the design of external modifications to make data centers more energy efficient, but also the internal design of various key hardware components, such as servers, storage, and networking。The web-oriented architecture allows developers to build very flexible and resilient systems that can recover from failures more quickly。

Intelligent machine

By 2020, smart devices will have their heyday, with environmentally aware devices, intelligent personal assistants, intelligent advisors (such as IBM Watson), and advanced global industrial systems。The age of intelligent machines will be the most disruptive in IT history, with new systems doing jobs we thought only humans could do and machines could not。Gartner expects individuals to invest in, control and use their own smart machines for greater success, and enterprises to invest in smart devices as well。

3D打印

2014Global shipments of 3D printers are expected to grow by 75% this year, with the figure set to double in 2015。The market is still in its infancy and has not yet developed rapidly。Organizations have recognized that 3D printing is a real, viable, and cost-effective way to save money through improved design, simplified prototyping, and shorter manufacturing cycles。    （雷霆）